In Jain cosmology, seven hells are traditionally found in the lower world.
Jain cosmology divides the universe into three broad regions: the upper world, the middle world, and the lower world. The lower world contains seven levels of hell, called narakas. These realms are inhabited by beings who experience intense suffering as the result of destructive karma accumulated through violence, cruelty, deceit, and other harmful actions.
Jain hells are not eternal in the sense of an everlasting soul sentence. Jainism teaches that every living being has a soul, and the duration of a hell-being’s existence is determined by karma. When that karmic life ends, the soul is reborn elsewhere according to its remaining karma.
This doctrine differs from the Jain liberated state, in which a soul rises to the top of the universe after eliminating all karmic matter. Jainism also differs from traditions that describe hell as a final judgment imposed by a creator deity, because Jain cosmology operates through impersonal karmic causation.