In Hesiod's Works and Days, which god made Pandora from earth?

In Hesiod’s Works and Days, Hephaestus made Pandora from earth. Zeus instructs the smith god to shape the first woman as part of his punishment of humanity after Prometheus steals fire.

Hephaestus is the divine craftsman of Greek mythology, so forming Pandora from earth fits his usual role. The creation is not performed by Zeus alone: several gods contribute different attributes after Hephaestus gives her physical form.

Athena teaches Pandora crafts, Aphrodite grants beauty and desire, and Hermes supplies a deceptive nature. These separate contributions make Pandora a composite divine creation rather than the product of one god’s gift. Her name, meaning “all-gifted,” reflects this collective process.

The story is sometimes compared with other creation myths, including the biblical formation of Adam from earth, but the traditions are distinct. In Hesiod, Pandora’s creation is tied specifically to Prometheus’s theft of fire and to the Greek mythic explanation of human hardship.