In Hesiod’s Theogony, which craftsman god shapes Pandora from earth?

In Hesiod’s Theogony, Hephaestus shapes Pandora from earth. Zeus orders the creation of a woman, and Hephaestus, the divine smith and craftsman, fashions her body as part of the gods’ response to Prometheus’s theft of fire.

Hephaestus is especially associated with metalworking, fire, workshops, and ingenious construction. His role distinguishes him from the gods who provide Pandora with other attributes. The myth therefore presents Pandora as a collaborative divine creation rather than the work of one god alone.

Later retellings sometimes describe Pandora as being made from clay, which is a familiar shorthand for the earth-based creation. Hesiod’s account also gives the episode a wider significance: Pandora’s arrival is used to explain why suffering, labor, and other troubles exist among human beings.