In Greek mythology, which Titan was punished by being chained to a rock for helping humanity?

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In Greek mythology, Prometheus was punished by being chained to a rock for helping humanity.

Prometheus is a Titan famous for stealing fire from the gods and giving it to humans. Zeus treated this act as a serious challenge to divine authority. As punishment, Prometheus was bound to a mountain, where an eagle repeatedly ate his liver; because he was immortal, the organ regenerated.

The Pandora story is closely connected with this punishment. Hesiod presents Pandora as part of Zeus’s retaliation against Prometheus and humanity. Prometheus had warned his brother Epimetheus not to accept gifts from Zeus, but Epimetheus accepted Pandora anyway.

Prometheus is often described in modern culture as a champion of human progress, but ancient versions also emphasize his trickery and defiance. The exact details of his punishment vary among sources. Heracles eventually frees him in later mythology, and Zeus permits the release as part of a broader settlement.

Source: Wikipedia · fact-checked Oct. 2026

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