In George Orwell's dystopian novel Nineteen Eighty-Four, Big Brother rules the superstate called Oceania.
Oceania is one of three enormous rival powers in Orwell's fictional geopolitical system. Its territory includes the Americas, the British Isles, Australasia, and parts of southern Africa. The novel's events take place primarily in Airstrip One, the name used for Britain within Oceania.
The state controls citizens through surveillance, propaganda, historical revision, and the threat of punishment. Big Brother functions as the Party's symbolic leader, whether or not he exists as an ordinary person. Oceania's permanent war also helps keep the population obedient and economically mobilized.
Readers sometimes answer Airstrip One, but that is the regional name for Britain, not the superstate. Eurasia and Eastasia are Oceania's two opposing powers, and their alliances change according to the Party's current version of history.