In Europe, lumpia is especially associated with which cuisine?

In Europe, lumpia is especially associated with Indonesian cuisine, particularly in the Netherlands and Belgium.

Lumpia is a family of spring rolls found in both Indonesian and Filipino cooking. The dish ultimately reflects Southern Chinese influences, with the name deriving from Hokkien lunpia. In Indonesia, lumpia became part of Chinese Indonesian food culture and developed into regional forms such as lumpia Semarang, a famous Central Javanese specialty.

The European association has a historical explanation. The Netherlands’ colonial links with Indonesia helped introduce Indonesian foodways there, and the Indonesian term loempia became a familiar Dutch word for a spring roll. Dutch snack bars commonly serve loempia as a large roll filled with ingredients such as minced meat, bean sprouts, cabbage, garlic, soy sauce, and green onion.

This differs from the United States, where lumpia is more strongly associated with Filipino cuisine. The same broad dish family therefore has different cultural associations depending on migration, colonial history, and local restaurant traditions.