In a traditional quinceañera, the girl celebrating her fifteenth birthday is called the quinceañera.
The term is the feminine form associated with quince años, the Spanish phrase for “fifteen years.” It identifies the central honoree of the event, who may wear a formal dress and participate in a religious service, presentation, choreographed dances, and other family ceremonies.
The people surrounding her have different names and roles. Damas are members of the female court, while chambelanes are traditionally male attendants or escorts. A madrina is a sponsor or important adult helper, although terminology and responsibilities vary between families and regions.
Because the word can also describe the whole celebration in English, context matters. Saying “the quinceañera wore a blue dress” refers to the celebrant; saying “we attended a quinceañera” usually refers to the event. The male equivalent is sometimes called a quinceañero, but usage is less standardized.