How many strings does a standard violin have?

A standard violin has four strings.

From lowest to highest, the strings are tuned to G3, D4, A4, and E5. They are usually tuned in perfect fifths, giving the instrument a broad range while keeping the fingerboard compact. Players normally use a bow, though the strings can also be plucked.

The violin family developed in northern Italy during the 16th century, with important early makers including Andrea Amati. Its four-string design became the standard for orchestral and chamber violins. The viola, cello, and double bass are related instruments with different sizes and typical tunings.

Some historical, folk, and experimental violins have unusual setups, including extra strings. Those exceptions do not change the canonical answer for the standard orchestral violin. Confusion can arise because beginner instruments may be fitted with different string materials, but the number of strings remains four.