Islam prescribes five obligatory prayers each day: Fajr, Dhuhr, Asr, Maghrib, and Isha.
These prayers are distributed from dawn to night, marking the day with regular acts of worship. Their times are determined by the position of the sun rather than fixed clock times, so they vary by location and season.
The five daily prayers are distinct from voluntary prayers, which Muslims may perform in addition. They are also separate from the Friday congregational prayer, which replaces the regular Dhuhr prayer for those attending the service.
The number five refers to prayer occasions, not the total number of rakahs. Across the five prayers, Muslims perform 17 obligatory rakahs in total, although additional sunnah and voluntary rakahs may also be offered.