The First United States Congress sent twelve amendment articles to the states in 1789.
James Madison introduced a group of proposed amendments after the contentious debates over ratifying the Constitution. The proposals were intended to address Anti-Federalist concerns about individual liberties and limits on federal power. Congress approved the final twelve articles on September 25, 1789.
The states ultimately ratified Articles Three through Twelve on December 15, 1791. Those ten articles became Amendments One through Ten and are now known as the Bill of Rights. The first proposed article, concerning congressional representation, remains unratified.
The second proposed article concerned congressional pay. It was not ratified in the eighteenth century, but enough states eventually approved it for it to become the Twenty-seventh Amendment in 1992. Thus, the original twelve proposals produced ten immediate amendments, with another becoming part of the Constitution more than two centuries later.