From which language does the word "Ramadan" come?

The word “Ramadan” comes from Arabic. It is the name of the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar and is linked to the Arabic root ramida, associated with intense heat or scorching conditions.

The month is observed by Muslims through fasting from dawn to sunset, prayer, Quran study, charity, and community gatherings. Because the Islamic calendar is lunar, Ramadan moves through the seasons over a cycle of roughly 33 years rather than occurring in the same Gregorian month every year.

The spelling and pronunciation vary across languages. In Persian-influenced usage, the Arabic letter ḍād is often pronounced like a z, producing forms such as Ramzan or Ramzan. Ramazan is also common in Turkish and some neighboring regions, but these are adaptations of the same Arabic-origin word, not evidence of a different source language.

Ramadan lasts 29 or 30 days, depending on the sighting or calculation of the new crescent.