For America's 250th anniversary, which amendment gave women constitutional voting protection in 1920?

The Nineteenth Amendment gave women constitutional voting protection in 1920.

Ratified on August 18, 1920, the amendment prohibited the United States and its states from denying citizens the right to vote on the basis of sex. It represented the culmination of decades of organizing by the woman-suffrage movement.

The amendment passed Congress in 1919 after years of failed proposals. Tennessee became the 36th state to ratify it, providing the three-fourths majority then required for constitutional amendments. The amendment was certified shortly afterward, ahead of the 1920 presidential election.

The amendment did not instantly create equal voting access for every woman. Many women of color still faced discriminatory state laws, intimidation, violence, and other barriers, while Native American women were affected by separate citizenship rules. The Fifteenth Amendment, ratified in 1870, addressed race-based voting restrictions for male citizens.