Approximately how many stone blocks were used to build the Great Pyramid?

Approximately 2.3 million stone blocks were used to build the Great Pyramid.

The estimate refers to the Great Pyramid of Giza, built for Pharaoh Khufu during the Fourth Dynasty, probably around 2560 BC. The blocks were not uniform: most were locally quarried limestone, while finer white limestone from Tura formed the outer casing. Granite from Aswan was used in important interior chambers and may have weighed as much as 80 tonnes per block.

The pyramid’s estimated total stone mass is about 5.5 million tonnes, although the average block was far smaller than the enormous granite pieces found inside. Much of the original smooth casing was removed in later centuries, which is why the pyramid now has its familiar stepped appearance.

The figure is an archaeological estimate, not an ancient census. Construction methods remain debated, but evidence from workers’ settlements, quarries, transport routes and the Diary of Merer shows that organised teams moved stone by river and over land. The pyramid was originally about 146.6 metres high, making it the tallest human-made structure for millennia.