According to the Talmud, Judaism traditionally recognizes 7 prophetesses.
The figure comes from a baraita discussed in the Babylonian Talmud, especially Megillah 14a. The seven are Sarah, Miriam, Deborah, Hannah, Abigail, Huldah, and Esther. They are counted because their prophetic messages have enduring significance for Israel and later generations.
This is a traditional rabbinic count, not a claim that only seven women in all Jewish scripture ever experienced prophecy. Biblical texts also use prophetic language for other women; for example, Isaiah's wife is called “the prophetess.” Rabbinic commentators likewise discuss additional women in connection with prophecy.
The number is often confused with the Talmud's related statement that 48 male prophets and 7 prophetesses prophesied to Israel, making 55 named figures whose messages were preserved as permanently relevant. The tradition also says that many more prophets existed but were not recorded because their messages applied only to their own generation.